Investments for individuals: we make smart and profitable investments

A bank is a familiar type of financial institution. For some it’s just an account and a card that’s convenient for paying, for others it’s an opportunity to earn money. And we’re not just talking about the familiar deposits and deposits. Banking structures are usually closely related to the financial market. There are separate investment banks and funds, but almost every major bank has a corresponding department. Russian banks are no exception, at least the largest ones. We will look at what investments are available in the bank and why they may be of interest.
From this article you will learn:

1. Investments in the bank
2. Deposit
3. Investments in metals
4. Accounts with bank brokerage companies
5. Investment services through a bank
6. Trust management
7. Conclusion

Investments in the bank

Each bank has its own approach to investment. Some are simply engaged in servicing accounts of individuals and legal entities, while others are more focused on raising funds and carrying out trading operations. You need to understand that a bank is a licensed credit institution that has a number of features, namely:

1. In order to start operating, the bank must obtain permission from the Central Bank, that is, to meet fairly stringent criteria. Therefore, trust in the banking structure is significantly higher compared to well-known brokers. This became especially noticeable after the purge that was carried out several years ago and removed unscrupulous companies from the market by revoking licenses. Therefore, the manager of some Forex Club can endlessly talk about how wonderful they are, but there will still be more trust in VTB. Simply because it is VTB.

   

2. Banks have a staff of analysts, which has a much larger scale compared to any Forex broker . As a rule, this is a management company that has the ability to conduct high-quality analysis of multiple markets, explore the most promising areas and create proposals that may really interest people. No one promises 1000% per annum, since this is real investment, and not murky schemes with bonuses, speculation with a leverage of 1:2000 and so on. In general, everything is serious and based on real work with financial instruments.
3. Safety of funds at every stage of work. No, this does not mean that losses are impossible. They can be, and no one hides this. The point is that, for example, as a client of Sberbank, we keep money in an account. Having decided to buy some investment product or give money to management, we do this through the same Sberbank, and we will receive the profit into our account. That is, everything happens within one establishment, there is no opportunity to lose the amount. This is not an offshore, from where you may not be able to return anything if something suddenly happens.

   

From all of the above, a simple conclusion follows - investing in a bank is much more attractive for most people than any other options . We do not hire professionals who cannot imagine working without leverage; there are few of them. For everyone else, it’s easier to contact the bank if you want to invest funds. Employees will always tell you about the possibilities of this or that option, the pros and cons. We will also look at earning opportunities, as well as the most popular areas.

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Mistakes of novice investors

A typical mistake is the lack of an investment goal. Let's imagine that you found out that federal loan bonds for individuals are profitable, safe, have low interest rates when serviced by intermediary companies, and you decide to acquire such securities. But without a clearly formulated investment mission, as a rule, profits will not be regular. I will focus in detail on the remaining 7 sins (non-mortal) of beginners

1. Investing a large sum in one instrument.
2. Work only over long or short distances.
3. The emphasis is solely on the stated profitability with no attention to risks.
4. Lack of desire to develop, but to use only familiar methods.
5. Invest your last funds, leaving yourself without a financial cushion.
6. Refusal to study the experience of others and advice from experienced specialists.
7. Borrow to invest in any method.

Let me emphasize: it is important to study not only profitability, but also commissions and costs that a broker or other intermediary charges for servicing an account or purchasing securities.

Deposit

A deposit is the easiest way to invest through a bank, which we will mention for show. The scheme is simple - we put money in a special account, wait for the due date and receive a fixed income. The most important parameter is profitability, it should not be too high, this is usually typical for unreliable banks, and it should not be too low, in which case there is a risk of not even covering inflation. Deposits are:

1. Ruble. Yield varies and may change following the interest rate of the Central Bank.
2. Currency. There are prerequisites for moving into the zone of negative rates; now they are near the zero mark.

A deposit is the most conservative way of investing in a bank, suitable for those who are not chasing profit, but just want a stable income to cover at least inflation.

Opening Broker. Investments

Rating on Google Play 3 (1 thousand ratings), 50,000+ installations

Number of clients: more than 28 thousand active (more than 250 thousand open accounts)

Available platforms: MICEX, St. Petersburg.

Otkritie Broker strives for a clean app design, rightly believing that inexperienced investors like to admire beautiful charts without delving into the complexities of technical analysis. That’s why there are charts, but no other tools for technical analysis. No trading order book, no stop losses and take profits, no price forecasts. Information on bonds, coupons and dividends is provided, but descriptions of issuers are sparse. In essence, a user can go into the application, look at the portfolio growth curve, buy additional shares and brag about an incomprehensible graph to their enthusiastic colleagues. Owners of IIS and supporters of passive strategies do not require more functionality. The broker is waiting for everyone else in the classic trading terminals.

What can you buy in the app?

Users have access to stocks and bonds, currencies, futures, classic and exchange-traded mutual funds, ETFs and other securities.

How to open an account

An account is opened through a website or mobile application using a State Services account. IIS - simultaneously with a brokerage account.

What are the commissions?

The depositary commission is 175 ₽ per month of transactions. The fee for transactions on the Moscow Exchange is 0.057% (this already includes the commission of the exchange itself), on the St. Petersburg Exchange - 0.09%.

The broker also has a commission for small accounts with a balance below 50,000 rubles and it amounts to 295 rubles per month (in our example, we will pay it three times). In total, the investor will spend 1,642 rubles in a year.

You can download the application from the link

Investments in metals

Banks also work in this direction, even if they are not large ones. This option is considered separately; in general, everything fits within the framework of two possibilities:

1. Purchasing metal in the form of ingots . That is, we work with real metal. Banks have the appropriate permits to carry out transactions with precious metals.
2. Anonymized metal account. Money in such an account is expressed in grams of metal. We have a regular account and a metal account - we can transfer funds back and forth at the conversion price within the framework of Internet banking.

   

Attracts those who are interested not only in currencies, but also in other areas of safe investment. There are advantages and disadvantages, as with everything. Prices fluctuate in the range of 10-20% per year, for some metals more, for others less. Here, in fact, is our maximum income and maximum risks.

Where to invest money for an individual

Reading reviews from partners and those who are just starting their investment journey, it is worth pointing out: many investments for individuals are chosen taking into account how much needs to be invested, and clients almost never think about the risks. More than 10 years ago there was a “deposit boom” - people took their savings to banks to receive income on a passive basis, but now, due to mass information dissemination and advertising, other methods are gaining popularity.

Monitoring where it is profitable to invest in 2021, you can find various solutions for investing funds, but at the same time think not only about the timing and declared income, but also calculate the profit taking into account time. What does it mean? Let's imagine that you deposited 10 thousand rubles for a year in the bank at 6% per annum, and inflation during this period exceeded 11%. So what's the benefit?

Accounts with bank brokerage companies

Every major bank has a brokerage division. It is also a licensed intermediary between the client and the exchange space. Among the largest and most reliable are:

1. Tinkoff.
2. Sberbank.
3. VTB.

It is convenient, first of all, that some investments through a bank can only be made through a brokerage account. For example, having an account in Sberbank, we open a brokerage account in the same bank in literally 5 minutes. We also deposit and withdraw within the same bank. That is, for example, the only way to buy Gazprom shares is through a broker. It is worth noting that brokers associated with banks usually offer the best conditions.

The profitability of transactions on the market through a broker does not even have a theoretical ceiling, but at the same time there are risks . You need to carefully familiarize yourself with what leverage and margin trading are. It is also worth familiarizing yourself with the IIS program - it will help you save money on taxes, it has some limitations, but overall it is in great demand. More suitable for long-term investments or for those who simply plan not to withdraw money from the account for more than 3 years.

VTB My Investments

Rating on Google Play 3.9 (8.5 thousand ratings), 500,000+ installations

Number of clients: almost 77 thousand active clients (719 thousand open accounts)

Available platforms: MICEX, St. Petersburg.

The VTB application is friendly to both traders and passive portfolio investors, but fans of fundamental analysis may be sad. For traders, there is a glass, a line chart (with the ability to switch to “candles”) and analytics based on technical analysis. Careful beginners will be pleased with the high-quality display of bond data (volume and yield of the paper, accumulated coupon income, date and size of coupon payment, and so on).

Passive investors may be interested in a robo-advisor, which will evaluate an individual profile and offer asset allocation recommendations.

The application promises to adapt to each user individually, which often results in some generalization of recommendations.

What can you buy in the app?

Here investors will be able to buy stocks and bonds, currencies, futures and options, shares of open-ended, closed-end and exchange-traded mutual funds, and structured products.

How to open an account

IIS can be opened remotely if you are a client of VTB Bank. Otherwise, a visit to the broker's office will be required. A regular account can be opened through a mobile application (you don’t have to be a VTB client).

What are the commissions?

Our conditional investor can open an account through the mobile application and use the “My Online” tariff without depository and account maintenance fees. In this case, he will pay only a transaction commission of 0.05% per year and a Moscow Exchange commission of 0.01%, for a total of 60 ₽.

With the “Investor Standard” tariff, the percentage will be slightly lower - 0.0413%, but a service fee will be added during the months of transactions - 150 ₽. The total amount of expenses per year, taking into account the Moscow Exchange commission, will be 651.3 rubles.

The minimum amount of assets in a brokerage account is RUB 1,000.

You can download the application from the link

Investment services through a bank

Sometimes banks offer ready-made solutions. This is precisely the product of the work of analysts. Let's say the service Tinkoff Investments or Simple Investments from Sberbank. A complex algorithm assesses the state of the markets, draws conclusions and forecasts, and the analysts themselves work with the information received, discarding unlikely scenarios and leaving the most promising ones for the client to choose from. In essence, this is a two-step form of work:

1. Mechanical processing of information according to the established algorithm.
2. Human control.

This approach has many advantages, for example, there is no human factor at the stage of large-scale information processing, algorithms calmly work with predetermined risk parameters, that is, we do not interfere in the process, and most importantly, there is no imposition of services, the client can choose any option portfolio, can collect several at once with different levels of risk. In general, the choice is really large.

A different approach is proposed on how to make such investments in a bank:

1. We answer a number of questions that determine the client’s desires regarding risks and returns, as well as timing.
2. We consult with a specialist who will tell and show everything in detail, explain the prospects of this or that investment.

It’s worth noting right away that a consultant is not what many people initially thought about. That is, this is not a beautiful girl who smiles but knows nothing. The staff of analysts really understands the issue and monitors all promising areas. If things are going well in the field of gold mining in Russia, they will say so, outline the opportunities, expected returns and risks. Compiling a portfolio can be called the most important step ; a balanced option will give minimal risks and good income up to 15% per annum. This is definitely better than 0.5% on a foreign currency deposit.

The conditions are usually standard and look like this:

1. There is a minimum investment amount. In Sberbank it is 100,000 rubles.
2. You can usually withdraw money at any time. No one limits the duration.
3. Low commissions around 1.5-3%.
4. Unlimited possibilities for choosing directions and compiling portfolios. You can make one conservative and the other aggressive.
5. Investments in assets denominated in foreign currency. We insure ourselves against the risks of a ruble collapse. He has nowhere to strengthen himself, so it is very important.

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My Broker. World of Investments (BCS)

Rating on Google Play 2.4 (5.9 thousand ratings), 500,000+ installations

Number of clients: almost 34 thousand active (almost 440 thousand open accounts)

Available platforms: MICEX, St. Petersburg and - for qualified investors - NYSE, NASDAQ.

Passive investors are offered investment ideas for building a portfolio; the fundamental application lures in with abundant recommendations from leading stockists and extensive information on issuers. For everyone, there is a schedule of coupon payments for bonds and a summary of dividend yields for stocks. Traders can use stop losses, take profits, charts and limit orders. There is a glass of deals.

Not long ago, BCS launched a collaboration with the Yandex.Money application, giving their users the opportunity to open and fund a brokerage account.

What can you buy in the app?

The application offers Russian and foreign stocks, bonds and Eurobonds, mutual funds and ETFs, exchange-traded notes, futures and currencies.

How to open an account

This can be done through the website or mobile application, using your State Services account or passport photo. IIS is opened simultaneously with a brokerage account.

If you have an identified or registered wallet in Yandex.Money, you can open a brokerage account from the corresponding application.

What are the commissions?

BCS followed the example of Tinkoff and divided the tariffs into expensive/simple and inexpensive/complex. With “Investor”, expenses will be 0.3% of transactions and 99 ₽ per month of transactions, for a total of 696 ₽ for the year (including the Moscow Exchange commission). There is no deposit fee for the new plans.

With the “Trader” tariff, the commission for transactions will be 0.05%, and the subscription fee will be 199 ₽, for a total of 846 ₽ for the year (together with the exchange commission).

There is a popular wave about a wider selection of “old” tariffs (BCS Start is popular among them), but you will not find information on the website. You can ask technical support for a link to a document with a full tariff line. You can connect to Start if you are opening an account with BCS for the first time.

BCS Start offers 0.0354% of turnover (0.0454%, if you take into account the Moscow Exchange commission) and charges a depositary commission of 177 ₽ per month of transactions. In “active” months, you will also have to pay a subscription fee for service, which will also “include” a fee for operations - its minimum amount is 354 rubles (in our example, the commission from the purchase of assets for 25,000 rubles will be 11.35 rubles, but the broker will still charge the subscription fee in full). Thus, the total costs for an annual turnover of 100,000 rubles will be 2,124 rubles. This is, of course, significantly more expensive than other plans, but the situation will change if the investor has active intraday trading and a higher turnover. To summarize: if you have low turnover, the new BCS tariffs are suitable for you. If intensive trade - old.

You can download the application from the link

Trust management

The bank's management company is engaged in asset management. Employees take funds for management and invest them in profitable areas. Let us note right away that no one guarantees the safety of funds, anything can happen. But if you don’t want to plunge into this financial jungle yourself, it is better to use the services of professionals. Profitability can vary - from a few percent when investing in bond portfolios, to tens of percent when trading securities.

As a rule, this is a full-fledged investment, and not speculation, that is, analysts consider the directions of market development and invest in those where there are prerequisites for growth. No one will trade bitcoins with your funds, but they can buy Lukoil shares. It is worth carefully reading all the conditions, including how risks are calculated, what remuneration is provided for managers, and so on.

Main areas of investment

Bank investments are investments of funds for a certain, usually long, period in various instruments:

1. Securities held by corporate issuers
2. Authorized funds of organizations
3. Government bonds and loans
4. NMA and innovative developments
5. Precious metals
6. Income-generating objects.

The bank’s investments in its development also include the opening of new directions and branches, the development and implementation of new technologies, services and products for clients.

How to choose the right bank?

However, when investing in bank deposits, you need to choose your bank wisely. Of course, if you invest less than 1.4 million rubles, then you don’t have to worry too much. Even if the bank is closed, you will still receive a refund. But if you want to avoid unpleasant moments and loss of accumulated income, and also if you plan to invest a large amount, then pay attention to the following:

• Bank size (determined by the number of assets and the amount of equity capital) - the larger the organization, the better;
• Who is the owner - if they change frequently, this should be a concern, as well as dubious individuals at the helm of the organization;
• The bank’s activity in the interbank lending and investment market – if it is low, then the bank is clearly experiencing problems;
• Availability of other proposals - think: if a bank curtails its lending programs, then where will it get the money to pay off deposits;
• How are payments made on debt obligations - bonds, especially subordinated ones (when a bank has problems, it is the subordinated bonds that usually go under the knife first).

An alarming signal may be the inclusion of the so-called “deposit vacuum cleaner”, when the bank sharply increases deposit rates, or begins to offer some dubious products such as investment deposits or structured products with a guaranteed return of 20% per annum. It is clear that the owners of the bank are trying to make good money before closing their shop.

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Risks when investing in deposits

There are very few key risks when investing in bank deposits:

• Bank bankruptcy or loss of license . In this case, investors will immediately receive compensation of up to 1.4 million rubles under insurance; the remaining funds can be received during bankruptcy proceedings when the organization’s assets are sold. The easiest way to mitigate risk is not to invest more than 1.4 million rubles in one bank.
• Risk of foreign currency deposits . If you open, for example, a dollar deposit, then if the dollar exchange rate decreases, you will receive less in rubles. For example, you put $1,000 at 1% per annum, and it fell by 5%. As a result, a loss in rubles is formed in the form of 4% (calculations are simplified, but the essence is clear). True, you will agree that the likelihood of such a situation occurring, especially over the long term, is extremely low. The ruble usually falls against major currencies, so this risk can, in principle, be eliminated.
• Fraud . You can accidentally end up on a fake bank website and transfer your money to an attacker. Or invest money in a non-existent bank - from time to time, websites of fake financial organizations appear on the Internet, collecting money from the population at a high interest rate. Most often, in order to make money on poker, you first need to deposit your own funds - they will be used to form a bank. But freeroll poker is popular, which allows you to win real money in tournaments with free entry. In most poker rooms, they are held in dozens and start every 5-10 minutes, some will require special passwords, but most are offered to everyone, you just need to register to participate.

To eliminate these risks, it is enough to follow simple rules of financial security:

• check the address of the site you are going to;
• set up SMS notifications about all account transactions;
• open deposits only in verified banks licensed by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

You can check the availability of a license on cbr.ru – the official website of the Central Bank.

Pros and cons of investing in deposits

I will note the main advantages of investing in bank deposits:

• security - all deposits up to 1.4 million rubles are insured by the DIA (more on this below);
• simplicity of registration - a passport is enough to open a deposit; most deposits can be invested online;
• ease of management - money can be withdrawn at any time (though sometimes with loss of interest), replenishment (if possible) is carried out online without unnecessary movements;
• simplicity of calculations and guaranteed income - you always know how much you will earn;
• capitalization of interest - this allows you to receive more income;
• convenient additional options - for example, you can withdraw income from the deposit to a separate card or, on the contrary, set up automatic replenishment of the deposit when a salary is received.

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